Glossary

A reference guide to herbalism terminology and concepts.

A

Adaptogenic Support

Herbal Actions

Helps the body regulate stress response, improve resilience, and restore balance without overstimulating.

Related: Vitality Support, Immune Support

Adjunct Therapy

Treatment Models

A secondary treatment used alongside a primary or "gold standard" therapy to assist or enhance its effectiveness.

Related: Complementary medicine, Synergy

Anticoagulants

Drug & Interaction Terms

Medications that reduce blood clotting (e.g., warfarin).

Related: Blood Thinners, Antiplatelets

Antidepressants

Drug & Interaction Terms

Medications used to treat depression and mood disorders.

Related: SSRIs, MAO Inhibitors

Antihypertensives

Drug & Interaction Terms

Medications used to lower blood pressure.

Related: Diuretics

Antiplatelets

Drug & Interaction Terms

Drugs that prevent blood platelets from clumping together (e.g., aspirin).

Related: Blood Thinners, Anticoagulants

Anxiolytic

Herbal Actions

A substance that reduces anxiety and promotes calm.

Related: Nervine Relaxant, Sedatives

B

Benzodiazepines

Drug & Interaction Terms

A class of sedative medications used for anxiety, seizures, and insomnia (e.g., diazepam).

Related: Sedatives

C

CYP450 Inducers

Drug & Interaction Terms

Substances that increase liver enzyme activity, potentially lowering drug effectiveness.

Related: CYP450 Substrates

CYP450 Inhibitors

Drug & Interaction Terms

Substances that slow liver enzyme metabolism, potentially increasing drug levels.

Related: CYP450 Substrates

CYP450 Substrates

Drug & Interaction Terms

Medications metabolized by liver cytochrome P450 enzymes and potentially affected by certain herbs.

Related: CYP450 Inhibitors, CYP450 Inducers

Carminative

Therapeutic Actions

Agents or herbs that prevent or relieve flatulence and abdominal distension by facilitating gas expulsion.

Related: Antispasmodic, Digestive bitters

Circulatory Support

Herbal Actions

Supports healthy blood flow, vascular tone, and cardiovascular function.

Related: Cognitive Support

Cognitive Support

Herbal Actions

Enhances memory, focus, mental clarity, and overall brain function.

Related: Circulatory Support

Compress

Preparation Methods

A cloth soaked in an herbal infusion or decoction and applied to the skin to reduce inflammation, pain, or congestion.

Related: Poultice, Topical

Contraindications

Safety & Clinical Terms

Conditions or factors that serve as a reason to avoid using a particular herb.

Related: Drug Interactions

Convalescence

Clinical Stages

The gradual recovery period of health and strength after an illness, injury, or medical treatment.

Related: Recuperation, Rehabilitation

Corticosteroids

Drug & Interaction Terms

Anti-inflammatory medications that suppress immune response (e.g., prednisone).

Related: NSAIDs, Immunosuppressants

Cytokine Support

Therapeutic Actions

Nutrients or compounds that modulate the signaling proteins of the immune system to balance inflammatory responses.

Related: Immunomodulation, Inflammation

D

Decoction

Preparation Methods

A preparation method involving simmering tougher plant materials such as roots, bark, or seeds in water for 15–30 minutes.

Related: Infusion (Tea), Tea

Diabetes Medications

Drug & Interaction Terms

Drugs used to regulate blood glucose levels, including insulin and oral hypoglycemics.

Related: Hypoglycemics

Digestive Support

Herbal Actions

Supports healthy digestion, nutrient absorption, and gastrointestinal comfort.

Related: Gut Comfort

Diuretics (Pharmaceutical)

Drug & Interaction Terms

Medications that increase urine output to reduce fluid retention or blood pressure.

Related: Antihypertensives

Drug Interactions

Safety & Clinical Terms

Potential reactions between an herb and pharmaceutical medications.

Related: Contraindications

E

External Use Only

Safety & Clinical Terms

Indicates that an herbal preparation is intended only for application to the skin and should not be taken internally.

Related: Topical

G

GAD

Clinical Conditions

A mental health condition characterized by persistent, excessive, and unrealistic worry about everyday things.

Related: Anxiety, CBT, Serotonin

Gut Comfort

Herbal Actions

Relieves bloating, gas, cramping, and digestive discomfort.

Related: Digestive Support

Gut Dysbiosis

Clinical Conditions

An imbalance or maladaptation of the microbial communities in the digestive tract, often linked to chronic health issues.

Related: Microbiome, Probiotics, Leaky gut

H

Hepatoprotective

Therapeutic Actions

Substances or botanical extracts that possess the ability to protect the liver from chemical or environmental damage.

Related: Liver health, Silymarin, Detox

Hormonal Contraceptives

Drug & Interaction Terms

Birth control medications containing synthetic hormones.

Related: Hormone Therapy

Hormone Therapy

Drug & Interaction Terms

Medications that supplement or replace hormones (e.g., estrogen, testosterone).

Related: Hormonal Contraceptives

Hypoglycemics

Drug & Interaction Terms

Substances that lower blood sugar levels.

Related: Diabetes Medications

I

Immune Support

Herbal Actions

Supports healthy immune response and resilience against illness.

Related: Adaptogenic Support

Immunosuppressants

Drug & Interaction Terms

Medications that suppress immune function, often used in autoimmune conditions or transplant patients.

Related: Corticosteroids

Infused Oil

Preparation Methods

Oil that has been slowly infused with herbs to extract fat-soluble constituents for topical use or as a base for salves.

Related: Salve, Liniment, Topical

Infusion (Tea)

Preparation Methods

A preparation made by steeping delicate plant parts such as leaves and flowers in hot water for 10–15 minutes.

Related: Decoction, Tea

L

Liniment

Preparation Methods

A liquid herbal preparation, usually alcohol- or oil-based, applied externally to relieve muscle soreness, stiffness, or joint discomfort.

Related: Topical, Infused Oil

M

MAO Inhibitors

Drug & Interaction Terms

A class of antidepressants that inhibit monoamine oxidase enzymes and require dietary and herbal caution.

Related: Antidepressants

N

NSAIDs

Drug & Interaction Terms

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used for pain and inflammation (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen).

Related: Corticosteroids

Nervine Relaxant

Herbal Actions

An herb that calms and nourishes the nervous system.

Related: Anxiolytic, Sedatives

O

Opioids

Drug & Interaction Terms

Strong pain medications that act on opioid receptors (e.g., morphine, oxycodone).

Related: Sedatives

P

Poultice

Preparation Methods

A moist herbal preparation applied directly to the skin, often using fresh or powdered herbs to draw out heat, toxins, or inflammation.

Related: Topical, Compress

S

SSRIs

Drug & Interaction Terms

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors used for depression and anxiety (e.g., fluoxetine).

Related: Antidepressants

Salve

Preparation Methods

A semi-solid herbal preparation made with infused oils and wax, applied externally to soothe, protect, and support skin healing.

Related: Topical, Infused Oil

Sedatives

Herbal Actions

Substances that promote relaxation or sleep.

Related: Anxiolytic, Nervine Relaxant

Silexon

Specific Compounds

A standardized essential oil extract from Lavandula angustifolia used clinically for the treatment of subthreshold anxiety.

Related: Linalool, Anxiolytic

Stimulants (Pharmaceutical)

Drug & Interaction Terms

Medications that increase alertness and nervous system activity (e.g., amphetamines).

Related: Antidepressants

T

Tea

Preparation Methods

A general term for water-based herbal extraction including infusions and decoctions.

Related: Infusion (Tea), Decoction

Thymoquinone

Specific Compounds

The primary bioactive phytochemical found in Black Seed (Nigella sativa), noted for antioxidant and neuroprotective effects.

Related: Black Seed Oil, Nigella sativa

Thyroid Medications

Drug & Interaction Terms

Drugs used to regulate thyroid hormone levels (e.g., levothyroxine).

Related: Hormone Therapy

Tincture

Preparation Methods

An alcohol-based herbal extract used for concentrated dosing.

Related: Dosage

Topical

Preparation Methods

Applied externally to the skin for localized therapeutic effect rather than taken internally.

Related: Salve, Poultice, Liniment

V

Vasomotor

Physiological Terms

Relating to the constriction or dilation of blood vessels, often used to describe menopausal symptoms like hot flashes.

Related: Hot flashes, Thermoregulation

Vitality Support

Herbal Actions

Enhances energy, stamina, and overall physical resilience.

Related: Adaptogenic Support